The stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) refers to the ‘pre-stretch’ or ‘countermovement’ action that is commonly observed during typical human movements such as jumping This pre-stretch allows the athlete to produce more force and move quicker
What is the short stretching cycle?
The stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) refers to the muscle action when active muscle lengthening is immediately followed by active muscle shortening This combination of eccentric and concentric contractions is one the most common type of muscle action during locomotion
How does stretch-shortening cycle affect your jump height?
CMJ includes rapid eccentric, then concentric activity of muscle, which is known as stretch- shortening cycle (SSC) Factors affecting SSC, in turn, increase height of jump by increasing center of mass vertical velocity, which increased by lower extremity power during concentric phase
Which mechanism is responsible for the stretch shortening reflex in a plyometric exercise?
It is the primary focus in the mechanical model of plyometric exercises Series elastic component (SEC) of the stretch-shortening cycle is the most important component of the stretch-shortening cycle response as this is the epicenter of activity in the muscles and tendons when a rapid eccentric muscle occurs
What is the purpose of stretch shortening cycles quizlet?
Stretch-shortening cycles require neuromuscular system to react quickly and efficiently after an eccentric muscle action to produce a concentric contraction and impart necessary force(or acceleration) in the appropriate direction
How does the stretch shortening cycle improve concentric force production quizlet?
The stretch shortening cycle combines the mechanical and neurophysiological mechanisms and is the basis of plyometric exercise A rapid eccentric muscle action stimulates the stretch reflex and storage of elastic energy, which increases the force produced during the subsequent concentric action
How does the stretch-shortening cycle improve concentric force production Nasm?
Stretch-shortening cycles require the neuromuscular system to react quickly and efficiently after an eccentric muscle action to produce a concentric contraction and impart the necessary force (or acceleration) in the appropriate direction
What are the 2 main proposed mechanisms for the increased force from stretch-shortening?
Aside from mechanisms associated with RFE, three other primary mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to the force/work of muscles in the shortening phase of SSCs: (1) the activation dynamics; (2) contributions of stretch reflexes; and (3) the storage and release of elastic energy (van Ingen Schenau et al
Which type of training takes advantage of the stretch-shortening cycle of the muscle?
Plyometrics are a popular training technique used by many athletic coaches It is not new by any means — in fact it’s been around for many years Plyometrics is essentially any training that allows an individual to take advantage of the “stretch-shorten” cycle to produce an explosive movement
What happens during the amortization phase of the stretch shortening cycle?
The amortization phase is the time delay between overcoming the negative work of the eccentric pre‐stretch to generating the force production and accelerating the muscle contraction and the elastic recoil in the direction of the plyometric movement pattern
Why is squat jump better than countermovement jump?
The difference between countermovement and squat jump performances: a review of underlying mechanisms with practical applications It is concluded that the difference in performance may primarily be related to the greater uptake of muscle slack and the buildup of stimulation during the countermovement in a CMJ
What do muscle spindles respond to?
When a muscle is stretched, primary type Ia sensory fibers of the muscle spindle respond to both changes in muscle length and velocity and transmit this activity to the spinal cord in the form of changes in the rate of action potentials
What is the stretch reflex?
The stretch reflex or myotatic reflex refers to the contraction of a muscle in response to its passive stretching When a muscle is stretched, the stretch reflex regulates the length of the muscle automatically by increasing its contractility as long as the stretch is within the physiological limits
What happens during the eccentric phase of the stretch shortening cycle?
Eccentric (Loading) Lengthening of the agonist muscle fibers Elastic energy is stored in muscle elastic components (eg, elastin) Muscle spindles are stimulated Amortization Transition between the lengthening and shortening phases Type Ia afferent nerves synapse with alpha motor neurons (nerve reflex)
How plyometric training takes advantage of the stretch reflex?
Plyometric exercise is an attempt to use the stretch reflex of the muscle spindle and the elastic energy that is stored in a stretched muscle to enhance an immediate reciprocal contraction in that muscle
What is the best way to augment the stretch-shortening cycle in high power sports quizlet?
After a muscle has stretched (lengthen) the muscle will immediately contract Movements like jumping or throwing stretch the muscles’ elastic structures What is the best way to augment the stretch-shortening cycle in high-power sports? Through improved technique
Which of the following is an effect of dehydration Nasm?
Which of the following is an effect of dehydration? Increased heart rate Resting metabolic rate accounts for what percentage of total energy expenditure?
Which of the following glands releases growth hormone during childhood up until puberty?
Growth hormone is released into the bloodstream from the anterior pituitary gland The pituitary gland also produces other hormones that have different functions from growth hormone Growth hormone acts on many parts of the body to promote growth in children
What benefit does stretching after a workout provide?
It also relaxes tense muscles Stretching Limits Muscle and Joint Strain – Stretching in the correct way can limit the strain on your muscles and joints It will help your muscles stay flexible and toned This will ultimately reduce the chance of injury after exercising
During which phase of the stretch shortening cycle is elastic energy increased and stored?
Phase I is the eccentric phase, which involves preloading the muscle group(s) During this phase, the SEC stores elastic energy, and the muscle spindles are stimulated As the muscle spindles are stretched, they send a signal to the spinal cord
Which of the following occurs during the concentric phase of the stretch shortening cycle?
what happens during the concentric phase of the stretch shortening cycle? the energy stored in the series elastic component is either dissipated as heat or used to increase the force of the subsequent movement
What is a stretch shortening cycle Nasm?
Stretch-shortening cycles require neuromuscular system to react quickly and efficiently after an eccentric muscle action to produce a concentric contraction and impart necessary force(or acceleration) in the appropriate direction
What are the benefits of plyometric exercises?
Plyometrics tone the entire body, burn calories, and improve cardiovascular health They also boost your stamina and metabolism In addition, plyometric exercises rapidly stretch your muscles, allowing you to move more efficiently
What is the period between the concentric and eccentric phases of the stretch shortening cycle?
The amortization phase, or transition phase, is one of three parts of a plyometric exercise This phase is the time between the concentric and eccentric phases This phase of the stretch shortening cycle is perhaps the most crucial in production of power as the duration of amortization must be kept at a minimum